Professional dominatrix Madelaine Thomas embodies not at all your average tech founder. Following repeated occurrences of clients distributing her private explicit images, she felt "angry enough to take action" and turned to technology for a solution.
"These were beautiful pictures, I'm not ashamed of the pictures, I'm embarrassed of the way that they were used against me by someone who I don't know," stated Madelaine.
Just over a year since launching her company, Image Angel, which employs covert digital tracking to identify perpetrators, has won several awards and was recommended as exemplary procedure in an government-commissioned study recently.
This marks quite a departure from her previous career in providing consensual sexual encounters, working with clients in the realms of BDSM.
Intimate image abuse, commonly known as image-based abuse, is a punishable crime with offenders facing up to two years in prison.
It is far from an issue exclusively faced by those in the adult entertainment sector. A study suggests that approximately 1.42% of the women in the UK is impacted by this form of abuse each year.
Madelaine, 37, said survivors endured feelings of humiliation. "I think a lot of people will comment, 'you shared a saucy picture out on the internet, what do you anticipate?'," she noted.
"I demand respect, I expect consideration, and I expect confidence, and I fail to understand why those are up for debate," she continued. "The reality that those images could be subsequently distributed in my community or with my loved ones and used to hurt them, that's unacceptable, that's not a decision I made, that's not an error on my part, that's an individual being an abuser."
Madelaine has been working as a dominatrix, mainly online, for 10 years and always found her work liberating and satisfying. "I am as a woman in control, a woman who is empowered and strong, offering my body as a treat to someone of my own volition," she said.
"People think it's strange but I view it similarly to a personal trainer or an financial advisor giving advice," she remarked.
She embraces being a unique figure in the technology sector. "I understand that it's bizarre, it's remarkable to think that an individual who was a dominatrix is now a creator of a tech company, but it took someone who has been through it to know the loopholes and the changes that needed to happen," she stated.
She maintained she was not technically inclined and was able to build her company after many sleepless nights, research and "consulting experts" who understand tech.
Image Angel can be implemented on any online platform where people share images, for instance dating apps, social networks and online sites.
When an image is accessed by a user, it is seamlessly tagged with an invisible forensic watermark which is specific to that viewer.
This covert marker is embedded into the digital file of the image itself and can withstand screenshots, being altered and being re-captured with a different camera.
It ensures that if you discover your image has been shared non-consensually, providing the service you posted it on has the technology embedded, the sharer's information will be hidden within the image and can be extracted by a data recovery specialist so legal steps can follow.
Currently, one platform has implemented her tech and she's in discussions with many others.
"This technology already exists in Hollywood, it is employed in live television so this is not brand new technology, it's just a new application and a new system," said Madelaine.
"We have validated it, we're partnering with a company that has 30 years experience in tech development so we know that this is solid and what we now need to do is test it at scale," she continued.
She expressed hope she hoped the technology would also act as a preventive measure to potential intimate image abusers.
An advocate from a support service said she had seen directly the trauma and guilt intimate image abuse inflicted on victims.
"If that self-blame is compounded by a misinformed friend or service who says 'what did you expect?' that self blame can really be reinforced so it's crucial that the support a victim receives is that they have committed no error," she emphasized.
She noted it was inspiring that Madelaine was using her experience to create solutions, saying: "It is vital to have this comprehensive strategy towards tackling technology-enabled abuse, because no one tool is going to be able to solve this problem, no one helpline, it needs to be this multi-layered response."
TV presenter Jess Davies was just 15 when images of her in her underwear were shared around her town. It was the beginning of multiple violations Jess endured in her teens and 20s that would later inform her women's rights campaigning.
"It took so long, too long for someone to tell me, 'you are not to blame' and 'that shouldn't have happened'," recalled Jess.
She too is passionate about removing the stigma of intimate image abuse from the survivors to the offenders. "It isn't a crime to willingly share an image to someone," stated Jess.
"However, it is illegal to circulate that non-consensually and I think that should always be where the responsibility is," she affirmed.
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